Galaxies in the early universe didn't exist because there just hadn't been enough time for them to come together. If we look back at the big bang we see that it pushed all that matter out in a very fast expansion, after some time this matter began to cluster together forming dust clouds on massive scales, these clods were super hot and very rich in star materials. As they clustered together more and more they started to hold themselves together under gravitational force, all this kept happening for many millions of years until these fiery balls of liquid started to ignite all over the place.
As the stars began forming they produced a much more significant gravity and pulled in more and more dust, making themselves quite massive, these stars were so massive that they just used up all the fuel given to them in a relatively short time. When they reached the end of their life cycle they began shedding their matter in supernovae that sent all the dust even further away from the central area.
The stars kept going through this lifecycle, but they did cluster into groups of stars, these groups are known as galaxies. The stars in the galaxies kept dying and being reborn a thousand times while the galaxies began to cluster together and form even larger galaxies. Under such a great amount of gravity the galaxy formed into more defined shapes starting as an Elliptical Galaxy and moving into Spiral Galaxies.
In my galaxy articles I will be using the Hubble Classification System. The Hubble Sequence is a classification scheme for galaxies invented by Edwin Hubble. It is well known for the turning fork diagram demonstrating the shapes of different galaxies and how they can form throughout their lifecycle.
In the next world building article, we will discuss the different types of galaxies that you may find on your adventure through space.
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